The file contains direct and indirect speech rules for question sentences reported speech for tenses, imperative, optative and exclamatory sentences. Feel free to leave a comment if you find any errors or if you have any suggestions to make to improve this lesson. Direct and indirect speech basic rules indirect speech for question sentence indirect speech for modals i. The difference between direct and indirect speech are discussed as under.
Put that between the reporting and reported speeches. Out of the four alternatives, select the one which best expresses the same sentence in indirect speech. You need to change expression of time when changing direct speech ds into. If the reporting verb is in the present or future tense, the tense of the verb in the reported speech is not changed at all. The maid said, all the windows have been washed thoroughly. When we change direct to indirect speech, we usually change the tense of the verbs from the present forms to the past forms. When changing from direct to indirect speech, you need to change the grammar in certain ways. This page will help you to understand basics of direct indirect speech with easy understanding. If there are any pronouns present, you may have to change them. Reported speech is one of difficult topics in learning english grammar, especially in changing the form from direct into indirect or reverse.
But if the firstperson pronoun is used both in reporting speech and reported speech, no pronoun is changed here. This is because when we use reported speech, we are usually talking about a time in the past because. The verb in reported speech is changed to the past. Changing time and place references time and place can. Jul 19, 2012 this animation teaches the learner to change the mode of narration from direct speech to indirect speech and viceversa, and learn the rules for doing so. This animation teaches the learner to change the mode of narration from direct speech to indirect speech and viceversa, and learn the rules for doing so. Mar 23, 2019 direct and indirect speech direct and indirect speech rules. On the other hand, if the reporting verb is in the past tense, then usually we change the tenses in the reported speech.
English grammar direct speech quoted speech and indirect. Direct and indirect speech for ssc chsl pdf cracku. When the actual words of the speaker are reproduced, it is called direct speech. Tenses of the verbs from the present forms to the past forms. Tense is the grammatical form of the verb that in the reported clause we sometimes shift back backshift. Reported speech exercise 1 perfect english grammar. Time expressions with reported speech sometimes when we change direct speech into reported speech we have to change time expressions too. She said that she had been sleeping when julie called. These may include statements, questions, orders, advice. Oct 26, 20 a sentence has been given in direct speech.
While changing direct speech into indirect speech the rules of sequence of tenses are follows. If these verbs are in the past tense, we change the following. Direct and indirect speech can be a source of confusion for english learners. If the reporting speech has the firstperson pronoun, it will be changed as per the pronoun of reported speech, if it is a thirdperson pronoun. Reported speech is often also called indirect speech. Besides the changes in the tenses and the pronouns, words expressing nearness in direct speech are changed into words expressing distance in indirect speech. Direct and indirect speech complete guide with examples. Follow all the rules which we learned for changing the direct to indirect speech in reverse for changing indirect to direct speech. Changing time and place references english grammar ef. On the other hand, indirect speech is one that reports something said or written by another person, without making the. Interrogative clauses difficulties in reported speech direct and indirect interrogative forms. Verb tenses usually shift back a tense into the past word order often needs to change. Pp1 quoted speech uses quotation marks and the exact words that a person has said. Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken.
Modal verbs are changed in indirect speech like, can into could, may into might, must into had to. Pdf reported speech is one of difficult topics in learning english grammar, especially in changing the form from direct into indirect or reverse find, read and. Direct and indirect speech in englishspeaking childrens retold. In the english language, there are two ways of conveying what someone else has said. Direct, indirect speech narration reported speech english grammar. Direct and indirect of simple past tense past indefinite. So i has been changed to he and would in place of will. For direct and indirect speech complete rules click. A change is made in tense of reported speech for changing a direct speech into indirect speech. James told his mother that he was leaving for new york the next day. Students ability at changing direct into indirect speech and. Directquoted speech, involves quoting the exact words uttered by the person, within inverted commas or quotation marks. Time and place must often change when going from direct to reported speech.
It will be further noticed that in changing the above direct speech into indirect speech, certain changes have been made. How would you change this paragraph to indirect speech. Oct 15, 2018 to download and print this free pdf course, click here. Time refers to the actual time that something happens, such as today or now or 5 weeks ago. Changing functional sentences in the direct to indirect 4. Indirect to direct speech other english exercises on the same topic. See more ideas about indirect speech, reported speech and direct and indirect speech.
Time and place in reported speech grammar englishclub. Indirect speech also called reported speech is reported back not using the exact words as the original speaker. Indirect speech for imperative and exclamatory sentences change in pronoun in indirect speech change in time and adverb in indirect speech. It will be noticed that in direct speech, we use inverted commas to mark off the exact words of the speaker. When changing direct speech into indirect speech, changes have to be made to a sentence. Direct quoted speech, involves quoting the exact words uttered by the person, within inverted commas or quotation marks.
In indirect speech, we convey the message of the speaker in our own words to another person. Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. Please contact me if you have any questions or comments. Rahul asked me if i had seen the cricket match on tv the previous night. Rule for the change of pronouns pronouns of the second person in the reported speech are changed in indirect to the same person as the noun or pronoun coming after the reporting verb. To download and print this free pdf course, click here. As a rule, when we convey a message from direct speech we go one tense back, therefore when we convey a message from simple past tense, we change the tense into past perfect tense. Direct and indirect speech exercise english grammar. Thanks for the a2a in we are going to see how the conversion of direct to indirect speech and indirect to direct speech is done. The president declared that he would not bear corruption in the country at any cost.
Pronoun in indirect speech is changed according to speaker and hearer. Direct and indirect speech rules pdf table of contents. Direct and indirect narration in english grammer pdf download. Learn how to use direct and indirect speech and tense changes when using reported speech in english with useful grammar rules and example sentences. We use reporting verbs like say, tell, ask, and we may use the word that to introduce the reported words. Direct and indirect speech worksheet by manjusha nambiar january 28, 2017 rewrite the following sentences changing the direct speech to indirect speech and indirect speech to direct speech. Direct speech direct speech reported speech today that day tomorrow the next day could the following day now direct speechat that moment then t the present a the time present, current existing, current in one hour why dont you go to the one hour later ast week, last night the week,the night before next year, next month, etc. Jun 06, 2014 sentences are given in the direct speech. Likewise, when the reporting verb is in a present or future tense, no changes of. Yesterday will change into the previous day or the day. Quoted and reported speech, also referred to as direct and indirect speech, are used frequently, both. Direct speech indirect speech direct speech indirect speech alex said, it is good time now to see him alex said that it was good time then to see him. Reported speech or indirect speech free english grammar lesson.
Difference between direct and indirect speech with rules. For example, adverbials of time such as tomorrow could be changed to the. Rewrite the following sentences changing the direct speech to indirect speech and indirect speech to direct speech. Changing direct speech to indirect speech part 2 youtube. When the main idea of a speakers words is reported by another person and the exact words are not quoted, it is called indirect speech or reported speech. Edit change in modal verbs here are some indirect speech rules for modal verbs. Direct and indirect speech rules and examples english summary. Direct and indirect speech practice questions hitbullseye. Procedure of changing direct speech into indirect speech. Important rules for changing direct speech into indirect speech are as follows.
In indirect speech we do not use the inverted commas. Direct speech refers to the literal repetition of the words spoken by someone, using a quotative frame. Changing time and place references time and place can often change when going from direct to indirect speech. Download topic wise ssc chsl important questions pdf.
Rules for the change of tenses download pdf we have seen that when the reporting verb is in the past tense, all present tenses inside the quotation marks will change into their corresponding past tenses in indirect speech. Verbs in the direct speech have then to be changed into a corresponding past tense. A package of 10 worksheets with answers on direct and indirect speech. Out of the four alternatives suggested, select the one.
Feb 17, 20 changing direct into indirect speech 2 duration. The following examples will show you how simple and easy it is. Pdf students ability at changing direct into indirect speech and. In english, to report someones words or their own words, you can use direct or indirect speech. Tomorrow is a holiday, the teacher declared in the class. Using reported speech in english can sometimes be difficult for nonnative speakers as we usually change the verbs, pronouns and specific times. Rules for the change of adverbs in indirect speech english. Use appropriate joining clauses as per the mood of sentence. It depends on when we heard the direct speech and when we say the reported speech. The conversion of indirect to direct speech generally presents no special difficulties. If the reporting verb or first sentence of direct speech is either present tense or future tense, no change will be made in the reported speech for.
Quoted and reported speech san jose state university. In year 6, children may be encouraged to use indirect speech when writing a biography or practising further journalistic writing. Indirect speech sometimes called reported speech, doesnt use quotation marks to enclose what the person said and it doesnt have to be word for word. Direct speech also called quoted speech is said exactly how the speaker initially spoke the words.
184 110 1434 840 525 954 56 326 1203 993 280 130 1538 958 1474 891 486 1143 958 1003 579 916 1156 1209 1524 811 1362 1171 1193 189 543 113 1160 23 142 1152 957 19